Cambridge IELTS 21 Academic Test 4 Reading Answers and Explanations

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All answers on this page include the question number, correct answer and a brief explanation of where to find it in the passage or audio. Use these alongside the original Cambridge IELTS books for the best practice experience.

Cambridge IELTS 21 | Academic Reading

Test 4 answers with clear explanations

These Cambridge IELTS 21 Test 4 Reading answers explain all 40 questions. Review the evidence for water hyacinth in Kenya, multilingual education, and The Globemakers.

40answers explained
3reading passages
60 minofficial practice time
1 markfor each answer
Complete the test before checking. You will learn more from a timed attempt. Record why each wrong answer looked attractive.
Answer key verified. IELTSBeacon checked every answer against the Cambridge IELTS 21 Academic Test 4 Reading JSON and the live test.

Cambridge IELTS 21 Test 4 Reading answer key

Use these cards for quick marking. Read the passage sections below when an answer needs more review.

1. The problems and benefits created by the spread of the water hyacinth in Kenya

Questions 1 to 13
1TRUE
2FALSE
3TRUE
4NOT GIVEN
5NOT GIVEN
6FALSE
7TRUE
8cow dung
9fermentation processAlso: fermentation
10pipes
11time
12money
13price

2. How could multilingualism benefit India’s poorest schoolchildren?

Questions 14 to 26
14I
15J
16H
17B
18E
19F
20NO
21NOT GIVEN
22YES
23NO
24C
25D
26D

3. The Globemakers: The Curious Story of an Ancient Craft

Questions 27 to 40
27G
28J
29I
30C
31A
32E
33NO
34NOT GIVEN
35NOT GIVEN
36YES
37B
38C
39D
40A

Passage 1: The problems and benefits created by the spread of the water hyacinth in Kenya

This passage explains how water hyacinth spread through East Africa and Lake Victoria. It covers fishing problems, household smoke and a biogas project that turns the weed into fuel.

Question types: True, False, Not Given, Flow-chart completion, Note completion.

Review strategyFor True, False, Not Given, separate a contradiction from missing information. For completion tasks, copy the exact words allowed by the instructions.
1Water hyacinth was introduced as a decorative plant in east Africa.TRUE

Why: Belgian colonists brought the plant to Rwanda because they liked its leaves and flowers in ponds.

2Fishermen took some water hyacinth plants to Lake Victoria.FALSE

Why: The plant escaped through the Kagera river. The passage does not say fishermen moved it.

3It is now difficult to force boats through the thick water hyacinth on Lake Victoria.TRUE

Why: The fishing boats now struggle to move through the mass of plants.

4Chemicals produced by the water hyacinth plants are affecting the numbers of fish in Lake Victoria.NOT GIVEN

Why: The passage links lower income to blocked fishing routes. It does not mention chemicals reducing fish numbers.

5Cooking with charcoal has been proved to be even worse for people’s health than cooking with wood.NOT GIVEN

Why: Wood and charcoal are both linked to indoor air pollution. The passage does not compare which fuel is worse.

6People found it impossible to remove much water hyacinth from Lake Victoria.FALSE

Why: Villagers removed enough water hyacinth to create huge piles on the shore.

7Scientists started investigating the possibility of using water hyacinth to generate biogas in the last century.TRUE

Why: Researchers began exploring the plant as a biofuel as early as the 1980s.

8First, place water hyacinth together with some ____ into a digester.cow dung

Why: The digesters transform a mixture of water hyacinth and cow dung into biogas.

9Leave the mixture until the ____ is completed.fermentation process

Why: The mixture breaks down during a fermentation process lasting 20 to 30 days.

Also accepted: fermentation.

10Capture the gas emitted by the digester and use ____ to transport it to individual homes.pipes

Why: The clean gas travels through pipes to the place where it is used.

11The women do not need to spend so much ____ collecting fuel.time

Why: The women spend less time gathering firewood each day.

12They can focus on different tasks that bring in ____.money

Why: They can use that time for other work that earns money.

13The ____ of the digesters is beyond the reach of most villages.price

Why: At about $750, the price of a digester is too high for most communities.

Passage 2: How could multilingualism benefit India’s poorest schoolchildren?

This passage examines multilingual education among low-income children in India. It studies teaching languages, school performance and how children's life experience may support learning.

Question types: Matching features, Yes, No, Not Given, Multiple choice.

Review strategyRead the complete sentence before matching each phrase. For Yes, No, Not Given, judge the writer's information rather than your own knowledge.
14The city of Delhi has a ____ and as you walk through its streets you hear people speaking a variety of languages.I

Why: Delhi has more than 20 million residents. This matches dense population, option I.

15Some of them have spent their entire life in Delhi, while others are ____.J

Why: Many people recently made Delhi their home. They are new immigrants, option J.

16Whether they have come from a ____ or have travelled from the other side of India, they have all come in search of things such as improved ____.H

Why: Some people moved from surrounding areas. This matches nearby district, option H.

17They have all come in search of things such as improved ____.B

Why: They moved in search of better jobs. This matches employment opportunities, option B.

18The ____ of the research is to discover why multilingual Indian schoolchildren do not experience ____ to those that multilingual schoolchildren in Europe experience.E

Why: The passage calls this the overriding aim of the project. This matches primary objective, option E.

19Multilingual Indian schoolchildren do not experience ____ to those that multilingual schoolchildren in Europe experience.F

Why: The research compares India with benefits observed in European schools. This matches similar advantages, option F.

20Ten-year-old Indian schoolchildren tend to perform better in literacy tests than in numeracy tests.NO

Why: More children fail the reading task than the subtraction task. Literacy performance is not better.

21Tsimpli had problems convincing some female students to take part in the study.NOT GIVEN

Why: Female students are more likely to leave school. Recruitment problems are not mentioned.

22Tsimpli and her team wanted to know if there is a connection between poor academic performance and being taught in an unfamiliar language.YES

Why: The team is testing whether unfamiliar teaching languages cause low learning results.

23The researchers have decided against investigating the impact teaching methodology may have on learning outcomes.NO

Why: The researchers will examine teaching practices and pupil-centred methods. They have not rejected this factor.

24What point does the writer make about primary schools in India in the sixth paragraph?C

Why: English instruction may hold back poor children who have little exposure to the language.

25What is Tsimpli suggesting when she uses the phrase ‘that ship has sailed’?D

Why: Tsimpli says English should not be withdrawn. The phrase means it is too late to remove it completely.

26In the eighth paragraph, what do we learn has surprised researchers?D

Why: Slum children did not lag behind other urban poor children. Some performed better in literacy and numeracy.

Passage 3: The Globemakers: The Curious Story of an Ancient Craft

This passage reviews Peter Bellerby's book about reviving handmade globes. It follows his technical problems, the history of globe making and the loss of traditional craft skills.

Question types: Matching features, Yes, No, Not Given, Multiple choice.

Review strategyUse the summary grammar to narrow the choices. For multiple choice, match the whole option to the reviewer's point.
27Peter Bellerby’s plan to give his father a globe for his birthday was an unexpectedly ____ for which he had to overcome ____.G

Why: A simple birthday gift became a difficult decade-long project. This matches challenging task, option G.

28He had to overcome ____.J

Why: The project involved a long series of obstacles. This matches numerous problems, option J.

29He soon learnt that a straightforward ____ would not be possible.I

Why: Buying a suitable globe was not a quick online order. This matches internet purchase, option I.

30Some ____ that had been intended for ____ were available, as were some expensive antique globes, but these were beyond his budget.C

Why: The available commercial globes were shoddy. This matches inferior makes, option C.

31Some globes had been intended for ____.A

Why: Those cheaper commercial globes were designed for classrooms. This matches educational use, option A.

32He travelled to places where people might still have the ____, but Bellerby could not find what he wanted.E

Why: Bellerby searched places with artisan knowledge. This matches necessary skills, option E.

33The assumption today that people in the past knew very little about geography is correct.NO

Why: The writer says people knew the world was spherical from at least the 6th century BCE.

34Plato was criticised for saying the world was shaped like a leather ball.NOT GIVEN

Why: Plato compared Earth to a leather ball. The passage does not say anyone criticised him.

35The globe made by Crates of Mallus was an accurate representation of the known world.NOT GIVEN

Why: Crates made the first recorded globe. Its accuracy is not described.

36Bellerby assumed he would have few problems locating a well-made globe.YES

Why: Bellerby reasoned that a good-quality globe would not be difficult to find.

37When Bellerby had to attach the gores to the globe surface,B

Why: He discovered at the end that the paper had stretched and overlapped.

38The reviewer mentions other globe makers of the past becauseC

Why: The reviewer connects Bellerby with Behaim's setbacks and Coronelli's ambition.

39What point is made about Bellerby in the seventh paragraph?D

Why: The book laments the loss of old craft traditions and skilled globe makers.

40What does the reviewer say about Bellerby’s book in the final paragraph?A

Why: The reviewer says the book is hardly a blueprint for commercial success.

Your Test 4 review plan

Mark all 40 answers. Group your mistakes by question type. Retake this test after reviewing the matching passage evidence.

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